A carbon and bromine are two nonmetallic elements. They both have covalent bonds. However, they differ from each other in several properties. These differences can be analyzed in a detailed comparison.
Carbon is the fourth most abundant element in the universe. It is found in all grades of stainless steel, graphite and diamonds.
Bromine is the third lightest halogen. In addition to this, it has a higher electronegativity than the other two halogens. Both have a large number of protons. This makes it harder to transform from carbon to carbon dioxide in one step. The most common way to convert a carbon molecule to another halogen is by chlorination. Chlorination has a lower oxidation number than bromination.
Bromine and the other halogens are diatomic. Their valence electrons are in a sigma orbital. Their oxidation numbers are independent of the length of the molecule.
One of the most important allotropes of carbon is graphite. Carbon also forms an alloy with iron. Therefore, carbon is used in most ferrous metals. It is used to increase the strength of steel.
Bromine is also a tetravalent. It is the intermediate element between chlorine and iodine. When it reacts with an alkane, it forms carbon monoxide. If this reaction is followed by radical substitution, the result is carbon dioxide. Bromine is banned in Europe and Japan.
Bromine is also a strong austenitizer. It is a fuming red-brown liquid. Usually, bromine is present in liquid state, but it can also form crystals.
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